Common Name:

General Information

Ulmus wallichiana is a deciduous tree that can grow up to 35.00 metres tall[].
The tree is harvested from the wild for local use as a source of materials. It is harvested on a commercial basis for its wood[].
This species provides a high-quality fodder for livestock and is often excessively exploited. Once the tree has been severely hewed, it can no longer reproduce because the resulting coppice-sprouts do not produce flowers. The plant is classified as 'Vulnerable' in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species(2013)[].

Known Hazards

None known

Botanical References

, ,

Range

Asia - Himalayas of Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Nepal.

Habitat

Temperate broad-leaved and mixed coniferous forests and moist ravines; at elevations from 1,800 - 3,000 metres[, ].

Properties

Conservation Status	Vulnerable
Edibility Rating
Medicinal Rating
Other Uses Rating
Habit	Deciduous Tree
Height	35.00 m
Pollinators	Wind
Cultivation Status	Wild

Cultivation Details

Prefers a fertile soil in full sun[], but is easily grown in any soil of at least moderate quality so long as it is well drained[].
This species is susceptible to 'Dutch elm disease'[], a disease that has destroyed the greater part of all the native elm trees growing in countries such as Britain and USA. The disease is spread by means of beetles. Mature trees killed back by the disease will often regrow from suckers, but these too will succumb when they get larger. There is no effective cure (1992) for the problem, but most E. Asian, though not Himalayan, species are resistant (though not immune) to the disease so the potential exists to use these resistant species to develop new resistant hybrids with the native species[].
The various species of this genus hybridize freely with each other and pollen is easily saved, so even those species with different flowering times can be hybridized[].

Edible Uses

Leaves - raw or cooked. We have no specific information for this species, but the very young leaves of all Ulmus species can be eaten, and generally have a mild flavour[].

Medicinal

Skin[].

The bark is used in the treatment of digestive disoders[].
Collectively, the bark of all species in the genus Ulmus may have anti-inflammatory effects in the gut[].

Other Uses

A strong fibre is obtained from the inner bark. It is used for cordage, slow matches and sandals[, , ].
The young shoots are used to make strong ropes[].
An excellent fibre is made from the scape or flower-stalk[]

A dye is obtained from the ashes of the burnt twigs[]. The colour is not given.

The wood is fairly hard, somewhat scented, fine grained, takes a good polish. Used for making furniture[, , ].

Propagation

Seed - if sown in a cold frame as soon as it is ripe, it usually germinates within a few days[]. Stored seed does not germinate so well and should be sown in early spring[]. The seed can also be harvested 'green' (when it has fully developed but before it dries on the tree) and sown immediately in a cold frame. It should germinate very quickly and will produce a larger plant by the end of the growing season[]. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in the greenhouse for their first winter. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts. Plants should not be allowed to grow for more than two years in a nursery bed since they form a tap root and will then move badly.
Layering of suckers or coppiced shoots[].