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Common Name: Mongolian Lime

General Information

Tilia mongolica is a deciduous tree that can grow up to 15.00 metres tall.
It is harvested from the wild for local use as a food, medicine and source of materials.

Known Hazards

None known

Botanical References

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Range

E. Asia - N. China to Mongolia.

Habitat

Mountain slopes, 1300 - 2300 metres in China[].

Properties

Edibility Rating
Medicinal Rating
Habit	Deciduous Tree
Height	15.00 m
Growth Rate	Medium
Pollinators	Insects
Cultivation Status	Wild

Cultivation Details

Prefers a good moist loamy alkaline to neutral soil but succeeds on slightly acid soils[, ]. Grows poorly on any very dry or very wet soil[]. Dislikes exposed positions according to one report[], whilst another says that it is tolerant of exposure[]. Succeeds in full sun or semi-shade[].
Prefers a continental climate, growing more slowly and not producing fertile seed in areas with cool summers[]. This species flourishes in Britain[, ].
Lime trees tend to hybridise freely if other members of the genus are growing nearby[]. If growing plants from seed it is important to ensure the seed came from a wild source or from an isolated clump of the single species[].
Grows best in a woodland situation, young plants tolerate a reasonable level of side shade[].
Unlike most other members of this genus, this species does not usually become infested with aphis[].
Quite tolerant of root disturbance, semi-mature trees up to 5 metres tall have been transplanted successfully.
Plants in this genus are notably resistant to honey fungus[].

Edible Uses

Young leaves and shoots - raw or cooked[]. An emergency food, it is only used when all else fails[].
A refreshing herb tea is made from the flowers.
A very good chocolate substitute is made from a paste of the ground fruits and flowers[]. Trials on marketing the product failed because the paste decomposes readily[].

Medicinal

A tea made from the flowers is antispasmodic, diaphoretic and sedative[].

Other Uses

A fibre is obtained from the tough inner bark It can be made into diverse items such as mats, shoes and coarse cloth[].

Propagation

Seed - much of the seed produced in Britain is not viable, cut a few seedcases open to see if there is a seed inside[]. If possible, obtain fresh seed that is ripe but has not as yet developed a hard seed coat and sow it immediately in a cold frame. It may germinate in the following spring though it could take 18 months[]. Stored seed can be very slow to germinate. It has a hard seed coat, embryo dormancy and a hard coat on the pericarp. All these factors mean that the seed may take up to 8 years to germinate[]. One way of shortening this time is to stratify the seed for 5 months at high temperatures (10°c at night, up to 30°c by day) and then 5 months cold stratification[]. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in the greenhouse for their first winter. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts.
Layering in spring just before the leaves unfurl. Takes 1 - 3 years[].
Suckers, when formed, can be removed with as much root as possible during the dormant season and replanted immediately[].