Common Name:

General Information

Celtis biondii is a deciduous tree that can grow up to 18 metres tall, though sometimes it is smaller and more shrub-like[, ].
The plant is harvested from the wild for local use as a food and source of materials.
Celtis biondii has a very wide distribution, large population, is not currently experiencing any major
threats and no significant future threats have been identified. The plant is classified as 'Least Concern' in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species(2019)[].

Known Hazards

None known

Botanical References

, ,

Range

E. Asia - central, southern and eastern China, southern and central Japan, Korea[].

Habitat

Forests and among shrubs on mountains, limestone areas; at elevations from near sea level to 2,000 metres[]

Properties

Conservation Status	Least Concern
Edibility Rating
Other Uses Rating
Habit	Deciduous Tree
Height	15.00 m
Pollinators	Bees
Cultivation Status	Wild

Cultivation Details

Celtis species generally prefer hotter summers and more sunlight than are normally experienced in maritime regions of the temperate zone. In areas with cooler summers the plants often do not fully ripen their wood and are then very subject to die-back in the winter[, , ].
Species in this genus generally prefer a sunny position, succeeding in any reasonably good soil, preferring a good fertile well-drained loamy soil[, , ]. They usually succeed on dry gravels and on sandy soils and, once established, are very drought resistant[].
Trees can be very long-lived, perhaps surviving for 1,000 years[].
Plants in this genus are notably resistant to honey fungus[].

Edible Uses

Fruit[]. The yellow to reddish-orange, more or less globose fruit is 5 - 7mm in diameter and contains a single large seed around 4mm in diameter in a thin layer of flesh[].

Medicinal

None known

Other Uses

We have no specific information for this species, but most species in this genus yield a fine timber; their fibre-rich bark is utilized for the manufacture of ropes and paper; and an oil obtained from the seed is used for making soaps and lubricants[].

Propagation

Seed - best sown as soon as it is ripe in a cold frame[]. Stored seed is best given 2 - 3 months cold stratification and then sown late winter/early spring in a greenhouse[, ]. Germination rates are usually good, though the stored seed might take 12 months or more to germinate. The seed can be stored for up to 5 years[]. As soon as they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots. The leaves of seedlings often have a lot of white patches without chlorophyll, this is normal and older plants produce normal green leaves. Grow the seedlings on in a cold frame for their first winter, and plant them out in the following late spring or early summer[]. Give them some protection from the cold for their first winter outdoors.
Cuttings