There is some confusion over the correct name for this species, some authorities say that it is part of Amaranthus graecizans[, ], whilst others say that it is a distinct species[].

Common Name: Mat Amaranth

General Information

Amaranthus blitoides is a prostrate to ascending annual plant; the stem is 20 - 60cm long, exceptionallly to 100cm, much branched from the base[].
The edible leaves and seeds are sometimes gathered from the wild and used locally.

Known Hazards

No members of this genus are known to be poisonous, but when grown on nitrogen-rich soils they are known to concentrate nitrates in the leaves. This is especially noticeable on land where chemical fertilizers are used. Nitrates are implicated in stomach cancers, blue babies and some other health problems. It is inadvisable, therefore, to eat this plant if it is grown inorganically.

Botanical References

, ,

Range

N. America - Washington to Utah and Mexico, east to Maine and New Jersey

Habitat

A weed of disturbed and waste ground[].

Properties

Edibility Rating
Other Uses Rating
Habit	Annual
Height	0.40 m
Pollinators	Wind, Self
Self-fertile	Yes
Cultivation Status	Wild

Cultivation Details

Prefers a well-drained fertile soil in a sunny position[]. Requires a hot sheltered position if it is to do well[].
Plants are particularly susceptible to attacks by leaf-chewing insects[].
Plants should not be given inorganic fertilizers, see notes above on toxicity.
Most if not all members of this genus photosynthesize by a more efficient method than most plants. Called the 'C4 carbon-fixation pathway', this process is particularly efficient at high temperatures, in bright sunlight and under dry conditions[].

Edible Uses

Leaves - raw or cooked[, , , ]. Rich in vitamins and minerals, it is used as a spinach[, ]. The leaves can be dried and used as a winter food[].

Seed - raw or cooked[, , , , ]. Very small and fiddly, about 1.5mm in diameter[], but the seed is very nutritious. Rich in starch[]. The seed can be ground into a powder and used in making porridge, bread, mush, as a flavouring in soups etc[]. The seed can be cooked whole, and becomes very gelatinous like this, but it is rather difficult to crush all of the small seeds in the mouth and thus some of the seed will pass right through the digestive system without being assimilated[].

Medicinal

None known

Other Uses

Yellow and green dyes can be obtained from the whole plant[].

A glue is made from the plant[]. No more information is given, it is likely that the starch from the seed was used[].

Propagation

Seed - sow late spring in situ. An earlier sowing can be made in a greenhouse and the plants put out after the last expected frosts. Germination is usually rapid and good if the soil is warm[], but poor germination rates are experienced in cool or cold soils[]. A drop in temperature overnight aids germination[].
Cuttings of growing plants root easily[].