The genus Agave is treated here in a wide sense to include taxa previously treated as belonging to the genera Manfreda, Prochnyanthes, Polianthes and Pseudobravoa. Not all botanists are happy with this treatment, with some feeling that these genera should remain distinct, at least until further studies have been carried out. In addition, given the high species diversity found in Agave, some feel that an alternative approach could be the recognition of several smaller genera within the current circumscription of Agave[].
This species is closely related to Agave vilmoriniana[].

Common Name: Amole

General Information

Agave chrysoglossa is an evergreen, succulent plant developing a short trunk on top of which iis a rosette of leaves that can be 100 - 130cm tall and 200 - 240cm in diameter. The leaves of mature plants can each be 70 - 120cm long and 4 - 7cm wide near the base. After several years of growth, a flowering stem that can be around 2 - 4 metres tall is produced, after which the rosette will die. However, the plant sometimes suckers to produce a number of young plants around its base that will develop as new plants[].
The plant is harvested from the wild for local use as a source of soap.
Although Agave chrysoglossa is declining along the coast due to development of tourism, it is not declining at a rate sufficient to qualify for a threat category. The plant is classified as 'Least Concern' in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species(2019)[].

Known Hazards

Many Agave species have strong, sharp spines on the leaves and leaf tips.
In theory at least, the flowers, nectar, immature flowering stem and the centre of the rosette of all Agave species is edible and, with proper preparation, can provide a sweet, tasty foodstuff. Some species, however, contain relatively high levels of saponins (which makes them taste bitter) and some other compounds which can cause bellyache, and so these would only be eaten in times of desperation. In addition, many people may find these foods to be strongly laxative the first few times they eat them[].

Botanical References

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Range

Southwestern N. America - northwestern Mexico (Baja California, Sonora)

Habitat

Dry slopes or often bare rocks in hot coastal and lowland regions, in desert and thorn scrub; at elevations up to 830 metres[, ].

Properties

Conservation Status	Least Concern
Other Uses Rating
Habit	Evergreen Perennial
Height	1.20 m
Pollinators	Insects, Hummingbirds
Cultivation Status	Wild

Cultivation Details

Agave chrysoglossa is a plant of mainly lowland and coastal regions in the arid and semi-arid regions of northwestern Mexico. Many Agave species can withstand at least a few degrees of frost and will succeed outdoors in warm temperate climates, but only in drier regions and where soils are very well-drained.
Agave species generally require a sunny position, succeeding in most soils of medium-fertility so long as they are very well-drained. Most species are undemanding as to the soil pH, though those found in the wild on limestone soils will grow better in neutral to alkaline conditions. Plants are generally very tolerant of dry conditions and of drought[].
Most Agave species are monocarpic, individual rosettes living for a number of years without flowering before sending up an often very large flowering stem and then dying after flowering and setting seed. This species, however, sometimes produces a number of new rosettes from suckers or offsets during its lifespan and these new plants will continue to grow after the death of the parent plant.
Individual plants take about 7 - 15 years in their native habitat, considerably longer in colder climates, before flowering[].
This species can be very free flowering and a prolific seed producer. Estimates based on partial seed and capsule counts indicated as many as 500,000 - 750,000 seeds per plant. It appears to be a free-seeding, cross-pollinated species, with the liquid nectar attracting animals during the thirsty season. Numerous insects, hummingbirds, and other kinds of birds were observed about the flowers[].
Members of this genus are rarely if ever troubled by browsing deer[].

Edible Uses

None known

Medicinal

None known

Other Uses

The plant is rich in saponins and is used locally as a soap for washing[]

Propagation

Seed - surface sow in a light position, mid spring in a warm greenhouse. The seed usually germinates in 1 - 3 months at 15 - 20°c[, ]. Prick out the seedlings into individual pots of well-drained soil when they are large enough to handle and grow them on in a sunny position in the greenhouse until they are at least 15cm tall. Plant out at the beginning of the growing season, and give some protection from the cold for at least their first few winters[].
Offsets and suckers can be potted up at any time they are available. Keep in a warm greenhouse until they are well established[].
Bulbils, where produced, are an easy method of propagation. Simply pot them up and plant out at the beginning of a growing season when they are 10cm or more tall.